To add to user568458's answer:
No based on what you've said I don't think your question is on topic because it has nothing to do with graphic design.
Take for example the Graphic Design Stack Exchange Logo. I could hire a team of developers to write an application that detects that pattern on digital images. If it detects it then X occurs. X could be anything as user568458 mentioned.
Your question is how would I print the GD.SE Logo onto a curved surface and still have it be detected. Thats a question for the team that develops the application. Its a matter of scale and precision. Just like an app that can read a barcode on a can or bottle.
These aren't graphic design questions.
I'm not saying there may not be an Augmented Reality question that does have a foundation in Graphic Design but the example you're providing does not.